He launched the eco-religious revolution known as Bishnoism at
Samrathal Dhora on eighth day of black fortnight of the month of
Kartika (Indian Lunar Calender) in 1485 A.D. Jambho ji, was born in
Panwar Rajput family in a remote village Pipasar in 1451 A.D. He was
the only child of his parents i.e. Father,Lohat ji Panwar and Mother,
Hansa Devi. For first 7 years, Jambho ji was a silent, introvert child.
He also spent a lot of time (27 years) as a cowboy like Lord Krishna
(Incidentally both had an identical Birth day i.e. Janmashtami!)
At an age of 34, Jambho ji founded Bishnoi religion. His teachings were
in poetic form, known as Shabadwani. Although, he preached for next 51
years, travelling across the country, only 120 Shabads i.e. verses of
Shabadwani, are available at present. Even these 120 shabads are a
source of great wisdom and are sufficient for an individual to
understand and follow his path.
Bishnoism, as mention earlier revolves around 29 commandments. Out of
these 29 commandments, 8 prescribe to preserve bio diversity and
encourage good animal husbandry. 7 Commandments provide directions for
healthy social behaviour. 10 commandments are directed towrds personal
hygiene and maintaining basic good health. Rest 4 commandments provide
guidelines for worshipping God daily.
Bishnoi community observes socio-religious gatherings known as Melas
twice a year at Mukam where Guru ji’s mortal frame was consigned to
earth in 1536 A.D.
In a nutshell, Jambho ji was a great visionary, who had foreseen the
consequences of man’s actions destroying nature for economic
development. He saw the need for environmental protection and weaved
his principals into religious commandments so that people can
internalise those principals easily.
==Life history==
Guru Jambheswar Ji also known as Jambhoji was born to a kshatriya
(Royal) family in Pipasar village of Nagaur district of Rajasthan in
year 1451vikrami samwat 1508, Krishna (black) 8th day of bhadarpad
month(same day of Krishna’s birth ). His old father shri Lohat Ji
Panwar (parmar) was very sad when commented by a farmer for not having
children up to 50 years of age. Then he started tapsya and was blessed
by a yogi for a son who will be different from others. Same time his
wife Hansa Devi was also blessed by the same yogi for a son.
Considering the blessings of yogi, miracle powers of Jambo Ji, Guru
Ji’s shabads, Jambheswar ji is popularly considered Vishnu sawrup (part
or incarnation of Vishnu). The young Jambh Raj did not drink milk from
his mother's breast and did not speak in early childhood. He told first
shabad (Guru chinho guru chinh purohit…..) to a Brahmin called to cure
his dumbness.
The young Jambh dev was simple but a genius, kind, liked loneliness and
did many miracles. He did not marry and used to graze cows. At the age
of 34 he left his home and belongings and started preaching at a sand
dune called Samrathal Dhora. He was very keen in social welfare and
helping others. In year 1485 there was a worst draught in western
Rajasthan area and people started migrating to malwa (MP) with their
animals. The kind hearted Jambha ji was sad to see people’s pain. He
then offered his help to the draught affected people to hold them back.
People agreed and Jambha Ji helped them with grain, food, fodder, seed,
agriculture accessories etc. He also used his miracles powers to help
people in need.
That period was a dark period of Hindu dharma. Hindus of that area were
suffering from external invaders, religion conversions as well as
internal bad practices. Hindus were became either irreligious or blind
faith or worshiping many god, goddesses in frustration and victimised
by hypocrite sadhus. People were involved in malpractices, immoral
activities, selfishness, sins, stupidity etc.
To help suffering people of that time and save religion, Guru
Jambheswar Ji founded Bishnoism in year 1485 (Vikram samwat 1542,
Krishna 8th of Kartik month) on the sand dune (Samrathal Dhora)after
performing havan.
Bishnoism was based on main 29 principles and best practices taken from
all religions & faiths. Followers of different religions, faiths,
casts and various professions & class accepted Bishnoism by taking
pahal (sacred water) and became Bishnois. Guru Ji’s teachings were very
simple, logical, practical and effective. He believed in one god and
did not believe in statue worshiping or man worshiping or leaving
social responsibilities to achieve god.
His way was, “JIYA NE JUKTI AUR MARIYA NE MUKTI” means a meaningful way
of living and then moksha after death. He travelled a lot to help and
teach people and done many welfare works. He was a true & visionary
guru, social reformer, follower of non violence, great environmentalist
and believed in love and harmony among not only human beings but also
among nature.
His teachings are covered by 29 principles, 120 shabads and sandhya
mantra. Many kings and reputed persons came in his contact and admired
his teachings. He also helped many of them with his blessings.
Guru Jambheshwar Ji left this world at the age of 85 in year 1536
(vikrami samwat 1593, Krishna 9th of Margshirsh month) at Lalasar and
his body was buried in village Talwa (now famous as Mukam) of Bikaner.
Every year two melas are held here, one on Amawas (no moon night) of
Falgun month and another on amawas of Ashvin month
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